The Development of American
Schools
(Module 2.5 a)
Elementary
Schools |
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Dame Schools (1600s)
- Private schools (for a fee)
- taught by women
- dames received meager wages
- quality of instruction varied greatly
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Latin Grammar Schools (1600s-1700s)
- Prepared wealthy men for college
- emphasized a classical curriculum
- emphasized Latin and Greek
- From European roots
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Local Schools (1600s-1800s)
- Started in towns and later expanded to districts
- opened to those who could afford to pay
- taught basic skills and religion
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English Grammar Schools (1700s)
- private schools
- practical studies
- preparation for business careers
- means of instilling social graces
- some schools admitted girl
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Itinerant Schools (1700s) and Tutors (1600s-1900s)
- In New England, itinerant teachers carried schooling from village to
village
- they lived in people's homes and provided instruction
- in the South, private tutors taught the rich
- traveling teachers and tutors for small fee and room and board
- vary in levels of education
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Academies (1700s-1800s)
- combination of Latin and English grammar schools.
- taught English not Latin
- practical courses were taught
- history and classics included
- some academies emphasized college preparation
- some emphasized business and vocations.
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Private Schools (1700s-1800s)
- often located in the middle colonies
- variety of special studies
- parents pay for what they want
- curriculum varied
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High Schools (1800s-present)
- free
- governed by the public
- opened to all social classes
- provided both precollege and career education
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Common Schools (1830-present)
- free
- all social classes
- intended to bring democracy into the classroom (Horace Mann)
- elementary schools of today
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Junior high schools (1909-present) and Middle Schools
(1950s-present)
- junior high school (grades 7-9) and middle schools (grades 6-8)
- designed to meet the needs of preadolescents
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