AIAA: Science and Math Programs Grants
Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Science and Math Programs Grants assist educators in presenting mathematics, science, and technology principles to students (K-12) in an exciting, hands-on manner to develop our future aeronautics and aerospace engineers, scientists, pilots, and space explorers.
Maximum Award: $1,000.
Eligibility: AIAA Educator Associate K-12 teachers.
Deadline: November 30, 2009.
http://www.aiaa.org/content.cfm?pageid=216

Under the Teaching Excellence and Achievement Program (TEA) the U.S. Department of State and IREX (International Research & Exchanges Board) announce a competition for middle and high school teachers from the United States to participate in a two-week professional exchange program.
Award: The program is fully funded and provides: visa support, round-trip domestic airfare, lodging and meals to attend the TEA U.S. Conference, round-trip airfare from the U.S. to the assigned country, emergency medical evacuation plan, and lodging and a daily stipend in the host country.
Eligibility: Secondary-level (middle or high school) teaching professionals with five or more years of classroom experience;teachers who spend 75% of their work week in a direct classroom instruction role in one of the following disciplines: English as a Second Language, English Language or Literature, social studies, math, or science; U.S. citizens; and teachers able to travel in spring or summer 2011 to one of the aforementioned countries.
Deadline: October 30, 2009 for travel in spring or summer of 2011. Selection will be made before January, 2010 and grantees will be expected to meet with their TEA International counterparts at a conference in the US in February or September, 2010.
http://www.irex.org/programs/tea/tea_us.asp

The Mickelson ExxonMobil 2010 Teachers Academy offers a five-day program designed to provide third- through fifth-grade teachers with knowledge and skills to motivate students to pursue careers in science and math.
Maximum award: all-expenses-paid, five-day program in July 2010 in Jersey City, NJ.
Eligibility: third- through fifth-grade teachers in the United States.
Deadline: October 31, 2009.
http://www.sendmyteacher.com/send_your_teacher.php

National Council of Teachers of Mathematics Using Music to Teach Mathematics Grants are available for programs that incorporate music into the elementary school classroom to help young students learn mathematics.
Maximum award: $3,000.
Eligibility: current NCTM members (as of October 15, 2009), or those who teach in a school with a current K–8 NCTM school membership and currently teach mathematics or collaborate with teachers of mathematics in grades K–2.
Deadline: November 13, 2009.
http://www.nctm.org/resources/content.aspx?id=1318

The Leavey Awards for Excellence in Private Enterprise Education honor outstanding educators who excite a commitment in their students to the free enterprise system and unleash the entrepreneurial skills of their students at the elementary, junior high school, high school, and college level.
Maximum award: $15,000.
Eligibility: U.S. citizens or permanent residents employed full time as an educator at an accredited American school (grades K-12), college, or university.
Deadline: November 30, 2009.
http://www.freedomsfoundation.org/Leavy-Awards.cfm

American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Foundation Classroom Grants are awarded to encourage excellence in educating students about math, science, technology, and engineering.
Eligibility: current AIAA Educator Associate or AIAA Professional members actively engaged as K-12 classroom educators.
Maximum Award: $200.
Deadline: N/A.
http://www.aiaa.org/content.cfm?pageid=244

The Actuarial Foundation - through its Advancing Student Achievement program - awards monetary grants to schools and groups throughout the United States and Canada. The basic requirement for schools or groups seeking funding is that they develop a viable mentoring program involving actuaries in the teaching of mathematics to children in private and public schools.
No deadlines
http://www.actuarialfoundation.org/grant/index.html

Dow Awards--by the Dow Chemical Company--awards grants to support proposed initiatives concentrating on math and science, teacher training, and parental involvement for K-12 school districts. School districts and school boards nationwide, as well as programs that promote systemic education reform in math and science, are eligible to apply. Special attention is given to school districts around communities where Dow is located.
Application Deadline: Varies
http://www.dow.com/about/corp/social/gen_fund.htm

The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics lists an array of Mathematics grants.  Check their web site for deadlines.
http://www.nctm.org/met.aspx?linkidentifier=id&itemid=198